![]() ![]() Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press. Letters From Mesopotamia: Official, Business and Private Letters on Clay Tablets from Two Millennia. Journal of the American Oriental Society. Studia et Documenta ad Iura Orientis Antiqui Pertinentia. Foreign trade in the old Babylonian period as revealed by texts from southern Mesopotamia. "Ancient Babylonians were just like us: Complained about poor service from retailers". "Clay tablet with oldest recorded customer-service complaint on display at the British Museum". Culture and History of the Ancient Near East. Opening the Tablet Box: Near Eastern Studies in Honor of Benjamin R. In Melville, Sarah Slotsky, Alice (eds.). "Merchants and State Formation in Early Mesopotamia". " Opening the Tablet Box: Near Eastern Studies in Honor of Benjamin R. "Ancient customer-feedback technology lasts millennia". ^ "Complaint Tablet To Ea-Nasir - World's Oldest Complaint Letter"."Meet the worst businessman of the 18th century BCE". "Sir Leonard Woolley and Ur of the Chaldees". "The World's Oldest Customer Complaint Is Almost 4000 Years Old". ^ a b "The Legend of Ea-Nāsir: how a Babylonian businessman became an internet meme"."Oldest customer service complaint discovered: A lesson from ancient Babylon". Letters and Business Documents of the Old Babylonian Period. It has been recognized by the Guinness World Records as the "Oldest Customer Complaint". The complaint tablet has become an internet meme due to its seemingly anachronistic nature, with Forbes stating that it bore resemblance to many modern customer complaints for poor service in the modern era. These include a letter from a man named Arbituram who complained he had not received his copper yet, while another said he was tired of receiving bad copper. Other tablets have been found in the ruins believed to be Ea-nāṣir's dwelling. Diakonoff published a translation into Russian in 1990. Garfinkle was published in 2010 a book review by Walter Farber noted that this translation "is not always true to details". A translation inspired by that of Marc Van de Mieroop sent in a personal communication to Steven J. Oppenheim published a full translation of the tablet himself in 1967, unaware of any other translations of this tablet. Leemans in 1960 Leemans's translation incorporated these lines which Oppenheim had translated as well as some input from Fritz Rudolf Kraus on the meaning of a few lines. An English language translation of the tablet was made by W. Leo Oppenheim translated several of the tablet's lines in a 1954 article for Journal of the American Oriental Society. The tablet was discovered and acquired by Sir Leonard Woolley, leading a joint expedition of the University of Pennsylvania and the British Museum from 1922 to 1934 in the Sumerian city of Ur. He stated that, at the time of writing, he had not accepted the copper, but had paid the money for it.Īcquisition Illustration of the interior of an old Babylonian house found in the ruins of Ur, which may have been the residence of Ea-nāṣir Inscribed on it is a complaint to Ea-nāṣir about a copper delivery of the incorrect grade and issues with another delivery Nanni also complained that his servant (who handled the transaction) had been treated rudely. In response, Nanni created the cuneiform letter for delivery to Ea-nāṣir. The copper was considered by Nanni to be sub-standard and was not accepted. ![]() Nanni sent his servant with the money to complete the transaction. ![]() On one particular occasion, he had agreed to sell copper ingots to Nanni. The tablet details that Ea-nāṣir travelled to Dilmun to buy copper and returned to sell it in Mesopotamia. Content A transcription of the text on the obverse, reverse, and left edge of the tablet The tablet is 11.6 centimetres ( 4 + 9⁄ 16 in) high, 5 cm ( 1 + 15⁄ 16 in) wide, 2.6 cm (1 in) thick, and slightly damaged. ![]() In 2015, the tablet's content and Ea-nāṣir in particular gained popularity as an internet meme. It is currently kept in the British Museum. Written in Akkadian cuneiform, it is considered to be the oldest known written complaint. It is a complaint to a merchant named Ea-nāṣir from a customer named Nanni. The complaint tablet to Ea-nāṣir ( UET V 81) is a clay tablet that was sent to ancient Ur, written c. ![]()
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